All of the foregoing technological advances have been critically dependent on the availability of an abundant and economic supply of fossil fuels including diesel fuel for on-farm tractors and self-propelled machines; and natural gas, heavy fuel oil and coal for off-farm electricity generation.
Because India's economy was growing slowly, a slower rate of mechanization and a larger volume of migration could have solved the labor shortages in Punjab at a lower capital cost. And the extra employment would have meant that the benefits of the green revolution were shared more widely with workers in poorer regions.

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All of the foregoing technological advances have been critically dependent on the availability of an abundant and economic supply of fossil fuels including diesel fuel for on-farm tractors and self-propelled machines; and natural gas, heavy fuel oil and coal for off-farm electricity generation.
Because India's economy was growing slowly, a slower rate of mechanization and a larger volume of migration could have solved the labor shortages in Punjab at a lower capital cost. And the extra employment would have meant that the benefits of the green revolution were shared more widely with workers in poorer regions.

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