However, the social impact of the consequential rural depopulation has not been adequately addressed. The second most important advance in technology has been the ready availability of rural electricity to power a multiplicity of items of farm equipment including lighting, heating, ventilation, milking, pumping, drying, milling, conveying and mixing. Furthermore, the automation of both mechanically and electrically powered equipment is now a dominant feature of mechanization developments in the developed regions and will inevitably impact to an increasing extent on the developing regions as labor costs increase. The rapid penetration of telecommunication and information technologies will provide a further layer of sophistication to the mechanization capability and strategies in agriculture.
Cereal straw and other dry byproducts (wood chips) may be used in small on-farm boilers typically to generate heat for drying harvested crops (cereals, oilseeds) or space heating (greenhouses, residential). Furthermore, biogas (predominantly methane) generated from animal wastes (e.g. pig slurry) by anaerobic digestion may also be used to power on-farm boilers typically to generate heat and also electricity in larger and more sophisticated installations.

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However, the social impact of the consequential rural depopulation has not been adequately addressed. The second most important advance in technology has been the ready availability of rural electricity to power a multiplicity of items of farm equipment including lighting, heating, ventilation, milking, pumping, drying, milling, conveying and mixing. Furthermore, the automation of both mechanically and electrically powered equipment is now a dominant feature of mechanization developments in the developed regions and will inevitably impact to an increasing extent on the developing regions as labor costs increase. The rapid penetration of telecommunication and information technologies will provide a further layer of sophistication to the mechanization capability and strategies in agriculture.
Cereal straw and other dry byproducts (wood chips) may be used in small on-farm boilers typically to generate heat for drying harvested crops (cereals, oilseeds) or space heating (greenhouses, residential). Furthermore, biogas (predominantly methane) generated from animal wastes (e.g. pig slurry) by anaerobic digestion may also be used to power on-farm boilers typically to generate heat and also electricity in larger and more sophisticated installations.

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