Unlike in cases 1 and 2, workers who lose their jobs will find only inferior alternatives, and some may remain unemployed; this redeployment of labor is not a productive benefit, but a loss. Nor is there any potential relief from drudgery for the redeployed workers, since their inferior work options may in fact entail more drudgery.
The widespread use of modern steel harrows in the United States was delayed until the 1880s, roughly fifty years after the massive shift to cast iron and steel plows. When tractors were introduced, they began to be used universally for primary tillage, while animals continued to be used for other types of soil preparation.

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Unlike in cases 1 and 2, workers who lose their jobs will find only inferior alternatives, and some may remain unemployed; this redeployment of labor is not a productive benefit, but a loss. Nor is there any potential relief from drudgery for the redeployed workers, since their inferior work options may in fact entail more drudgery.
The widespread use of modern steel harrows in the United States was delayed until the 1880s, roughly fifty years after the massive shift to cast iron and steel plows. When tractors were introduced, they began to be used universally for primary tillage, while animals continued to be used for other types of soil preparation.

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