Protection from insect infestation may be accomplished by a combination of measures including temperature reduction and occasional fumigation. Irradiation has also been proposed to control insect infestation in cereals and other products but the cost of this expensive and controversial technology is prohibitive and in any event is limited to off-farm use.
Despite their differences in natural resources, Japan, European countries, and the United States managed to expand their agricultural output by up to 1.7 percent a year. Japan and the continental European countries achieved their rapid growth because yields (output per hectare of arable land) grew at about 1.5 percent a year, or roughly twice as fast as in the United States.

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Protection from insect infestation may be accomplished by a combination of measures including temperature reduction and occasional fumigation. Irradiation has also been proposed to control insect infestation in cereals and other products but the cost of this expensive and controversial technology is prohibitive and in any event is limited to off-farm use.
Despite their differences in natural resources, Japan, European countries, and the United States managed to expand their agricultural output by up to 1.7 percent a year. Japan and the continental European countries achieved their rapid growth because yields (output per hectare of arable land) grew at about 1.5 percent a year, or roughly twice as fast as in the United States.

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